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Kwadalwa ngo 10.21
Indlela Yokuqhathanisa Ububanzi Bokuhlinzekwa Ezilinganisweni Zempahla Yasepulazini Lezinkukhu Ezingamaqanda Angu-Two Layer
Izilinganiso zentengo zemishini yasepulazini enezingqimba ezimbili zingakhombisa umthamo ofanayo wezinyoni futhi zisachaza amaphrojekthi ahluke kakhulu. Elinye lingafaka imishini yamakheji, ukuphakela okuzenzakalelayo, ukuqoqwa kwamaqanda, ukususwa kwendle nokulawula. Elinye lingafaka kuphela umzimba wekheji kanye nezinsiza eziyisisekelo. Ukuholwa ngokufaka, ukuthutha kwangaphakathi ezweni, izintambo zikagesi, umsebenzi wokwakha, ukusekelwa kokuqalisa nokugcinwa kwezingxenye kungase futhi kufakwe, kukhishwe noma kushiywe kungacacile.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukuqhathanisa kokuqala akufanele kube yintengo iyonke ngokumelene nentengo iyonke. Kufanele kube ububanzi ngokumelene nobubanzi, ngokusekelwe ezimweni zephrojekthi ezifanayo kanye nokubuyekezwa kwesilinganiso sentengo esifanayo.
Lo mhlahlandlela unikeza indlela esebenzayo yabanikazi bamapulazi, abatshalizimali, abaphathi bamaphrojekthi kanye namathimba okuthenga ukuze baqhathanise umngcele wokuhlinzeka obhaliwe ngaphambi kokuba bahlole umehluko wezohwebo. Awuchazi ububanzi bokuhlinzeka kuka-Daofeng ngaphandle kwemibandela. Yonke into efakiwe, okukhishiwe kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo kufanele kuqinisekiswe esilinganisweni sentengo esiqondene nephrojekthi kanye nasenkontilekayo.
1. Qinisekisa ukuthi Zombili Izilinganiso Zisebenzisa Isisekelo Sephrojekthi Esifanayo
Ngaphambi kokuqhathanisa imishini, beka isisekelo sephrojekthi phezulu kushidi lokuqhathanisa. Okungenani, rekhoda:
- izwe lephrojekthi nendawo;
- umthamo wezinyoni ohleliwe kanye nokuthi ubhekisela esigabeni sokuqala noma ekwandiseni kokugcina;
- inani nobukhulu bezindlu zezinkukhu;
- uhlobo lwekheji, inani lemigqa kanye nenani lamazinga, uma sekukhethiwe;
- izinga lokusebenza okuzenzakalelayo elihleliwe;
- izindlela eziqondile zamaqanda, ukuphakelwa kanye nomquba;
- isisekelo sokuhlinzekwa kukagesi;
- ukufakwa kanye nokuhlelwa kosonkontileka wendawo; kanye
- usuku lwesiphakamiso, uhlobo lwemali kanye nenombolo yokubuyekezwa.
Uma umhlinzeki oyedwa efake intengo yezindlu ezine kuyilapho omunye efaka ezintlanu, izintengo eziphelele azikwazi ukuqhathaniswa. Inkinga efanayo yenzeka lapho isilinganiso esisodwa sithatha uhlelo oluphelele oluzenzakalelayo kanti esinye sithatha umsebenzi wokusekela owenziwa ngesandla noma ohlinzekwa endaweni.
Ngakho-ke ukuqhathanisa okulawulwayo kudinga isisekelo esisodwa esibhaliwe. Umhlahlandlela kaDaofeng wokuhlela ipulazi lezendluzula lentengiso ngaphambi kwesilinganiso uchaza izinqumo ezibanzi zepulazi okufanele zihambisane ngaphambi kokuba iziphakamiso zemishini zithathwe njengezokugcina.
Lapho isilinganiso sishintsha, gcina inguqulo yangaphambili futhi urekhode okushintshile. Isamba esibuyekeziwe esiphansi singaba umphumela wokulungiswa kwangempela kwezentengiselwano, kodwa futhi singabonisa imishini esusiwe, izinto ezihlukile, inani elincane noma umthwalo ogudlulisiwe. Umlando wenguqulo kufanele ukwenze lokho kubonakale.
2. Hlukanisa Imishini Eyinhloko Kumasheya Nezinhlelo Zokusekela
Unganciki emugqeni owodwa onjengokuthi “uhlelo lwekheji lwamaqanda okusebenza okuzenzakalelayo.” Hlukanisa ukunikezwa ngamaqembu asebenzayo. Ukuqhathanisa okuqondene nephrojekthi kungase kuhlanganise:
Iqembu lomsebenzi | Imibuzo okufanele iqinisekiswe ngokubhala |
Uhlelo lwekheji | Umzimba wekheji, amafremu, izihlukanisi, iminyango, phansi, izisekelo kanye nesisekelo senani |
Ukuphakela ukudla | Izitsha zokudla noma ama-hopper, amayunithi okushayela, imishini yokusabalalisa, izinzwa, izilawuli kanye nokuxhumana nendawo yokugcina |
Ukuphuza | Imigqa yamanzi, iziphuzo, izilawuli, izihlungi, izixhumanisi zokulinganisa, izindawo zokugeza kanye nomngcele wokuxhumana |
Ukuqoqwa kwamaqanda | Amabhande amade, imishini yasemaphethelweni emigqeni, izihambisi eziwela phakathi, izinyusi, umzila omaphakathi kanye nexhumanisi lokwamukela |
Ukususwa kwendle | Amabhande asezingeni lekheji, amayunithi okushayela, ukudluliswa emaphethelweni emigqeni, umzila ophakathi kwendlu kanye nokuxhumana nendawo yokugcina noma yokwelapha |
Imishini yezemvelo | Abalandeli, izindawo zokungena, ukupholisa, izifudumezi, izinzwa kanye nomngcele wokulawula, lapho kufakiwe khona |
Ugesi nezilawuli | Amaphaneli, amamotho, izinzwa, izintambo zasendaweni, izihlukanisi zendawo, isofthiwe kanye nezixhumanisi zokuvimbela |
Izesekeli kanye nezinto eziyisipele | Izinto zokuqinisa, izivikeli, amapulatifomu, amathuluzi, izipele zokuqalisa kanye nezipele zokusebenza ezinconywayo |
Imishini yezendlalelo eziningi zamaqanda anezishayeli zasemaphethelweni emigqeni kanye nezixhumanisi zezihambisi ngaphakathi kwendlu yezinkukhu
Leli thebula liyisakhiwo sokuqhathanisa, hhayi isithembiso sokuthi zonke iziphakamiso ze-Daofeng ziqukethe yonke into. Ububanzi obulungile buncike ezimfunekweni zeprojekthi ezibhaliwe.
Izingxenye eziseceleni zifanele ukubuyekezwa kwazo. Izingxenye ezincane zinganquma ukuthi imishini ehlinzekiwe ingahlanganiswa, ixhunywe futhi isetshenziswe ngendlela ehlosiwe. Cela izilinganiso, imininingwane kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo esikhundleni sokwamukela “izingxenye ezijwayelekile ezifakiwe” ngaphandle kwencazelo.
3. Hlukanisa Ukuhlinzekwa Kwemishini Nemithwalo Yomsebenzi Yezakhiwo Nezindawo
Isilinganiso semishini kufanele sikhombe indawo yokuqala nendawo yokuphela yomthwalo wemfanelo womhlinzeki. Izinto ezilandelayo zivame ukuba yizixhumanisi zeprojekthi hhayi ukufakwa kwemishini okuzenzakalelayo:
- izisekelo, izingxenye ezifakwe ngaphakathi kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwesakhiwo;
- izikhala zendlu yezinkukhu, ukuvimbela amanzi kanye nokuqedwa eduze kwezindawo zokungena;
- izisekelo zensimbi zendawo noma amapulatifomu okufinyelela aphakeme;
- ukusatshalaliswa kukagesi okuyinhloko, izintambo zendawo kanye nokufakwa komhlabathi;
- umthombo wamanzi, indawo yokugcina amanzi, amaphampu kanye namapayipi endawo;
- ukudonsa amanzi, imigwaqo, imishini yokuphakamisa kanye nokufinyelela kokwakha;
- ukwehlisa imishini, ukunyakaza kwangaphakathi kanye nokugcina; kanye
- nezimvume, ukuhlolwa kanye nomsebenzi olawulwa endaweni.
Umhlinzeki wemishini angahlinzeka ngemithwalo, izindawo zokuxhuma noma imidwebo ehlobene nemishini, kuyilapho umnikazi kanye nezinhlangano ezifanele zendawo kuseyibona abaphethe ukuklama kwezokwakha, ukugunyazwa ngokomthetho kanye nokuqedwa komsebenzi endaweni ngaphandle uma inkontileka esayiniwe isho okunye.
Cela umhlinzeki ngamunye ukuthi agcwalise ithebula lokuzibophezela esebenzisa amalebula amane alula: umhlinzeki, umnikazi, usonkontileka wendawo noma okusalindile ukuqinisekiswa. Izinto ezimakwe ngokuthi zisalindile kufanele zibe nomnikazi kanye nosuku lokuphela. Lokhu kuvimbela umcabango ukuthi ungabi yindleko engahleliwe noma inkinga yesheduli kamuva.
4. Hlola Imingcele Yokufakwa, Ezokuthutha Kanye Nesevisi
Amagama afana nokuthi “ukufakwa kufakiwe” noma “ukusekelwa kobuchwepheshe kufakiwe” abanzi kakhulu ukuze aqhathaniswe. Cacisa uhlobo lwesevisi yangempela.
Mayelana nokufakwa, buza ukuthi isilinganiso semali sihlanganisa yini:
- ukuqondiswa kude, ukugadwa endaweni noma ithimba eliphelele lokufaka endaweni;
- inani kanye nendima yochwepheshe abavakashile;
- uhambo, i-visa, indawo yokuhlala, ezokuthutha zasekhaya kanye nemithwalo yomshuwalense;
- amathuluzi, imishini yokuphakamisa, ugesi wesikhashana kanye nabasebenzi basekhaya;
- ukucatshangelwa kwezinsuku zokusebenza kanye nemibandela yokwandiswa; kanye
- nokuqedwa komshini, ukuhlolwa, ukuqeqeshwa kanye namarekhodi okunikezela.
Mayelana nezokuthutha, hlukanisa ukupakishwa kwasefekthri, ukuhanjiswa kwangaphakathi kuya echwebeni, ukuphathwa kokuthekelisa, ukuthutha olwandle, izindleko zendawo okuyiwa kuyo, ukugunyazwa kwempahla emingceleni, ukulethwa kwangaphakathi kanye nokwehlisa impahla. Isibonelelo semali yokuthutha esicashuniwe kufanele siveze umzila waso, ukusebenza kwaso kanye nokungafakwa kwaso. Ungacabangi ukuthi imigqa emibili yezokuthutha isebenzisa isisekelo esifanayo sokuhweba ngoba nje womabili athi “ukuthumela kufakiwe.”
Ngemsebenzi wangemva kokuthengisa, cela isiteshi sokuphendula, ulwazi oludingekayo ekuxilongeni, isisekelo sewaranti, okungafakiwe, indlela yezingxenye zokushintshwa kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo wokuxazulula izinkinga zasendaweni. Ungacabangi isikhathi sokuphendula, ubude bewaranti noma isevisi yamahhala kusukela esitatimendeni sokumaketha esijwayelekile; sebenzisa kuphela isilinganiso esibhaliwe kanye nenkontileka.
Idaofeng yomphakathi inqubo yepulazi lezinkukhu eliphelele ingasiza abathengi baqonde izigaba zokuxhumanisa kusukela ezidingweni nasekuhlelweni kuze kufike ekulungiseleleni ukukhiqizwa nokulethwa. Isilinganiso sephrojekthi sihlala siyidokhumenti elawulayo yomthwalo wemfanelo wangempela.
5. Qhathanisa Izinto Zokwakha Nokuhlelwa Ngemibhalo Yobuchwepheshe
Intengo iyodwa ayikwazi ukufakazela ukuthi uhlelo olulodwa lunamandla, luqinile noma lufaneleka kangcono epulazini. Qhathanisa imibhalo echaza lokho okuyolethwa ngempela:
- ukuhlelwa kanye nohlu lwemishini;
- uhlu lwamamodeli nokuhlelwa;
- izicaciso zezinto zokwakha eziyinhloko;
- incazelo yokumboza noma yokwelapha ingaphezulu lapho kusebenza khona;
- uhlelo lwemoto, ibhokisi lamagiya, inzwa nokulawula;
- izinombolo zomdwebo nesimo sokubuyekezwa;
- amarekhodi okuhlola noma okwamukelwa asebenzayo;
- isakhiwo sohlu lokupakisha; futhi
- okukhishiwe okubhaliwe nezinto ezivulekile.
Sebenzisa amagama namayunithi angaguquki. Isibonelo, ungafanekisi incazelo yento esezingeni elithile kwenye isiphakamiso nesimangalo sengxenye eqediwe kwesinye ngaphandle uma bobabili abahlinzeki bechaza isisekelo. Uma incazelo ethile ithinta ukuhambisana kokuklanywa, ukufakwa noma ukushintshwa, cela umdwebo osekelayo noma idatha yedatha.
Isihloko esithi izimbangela zezindleko zepulazi lesendlalelo esizenzakalelayo ichaza ukuthi umthamo, ukuzenzakalela, izindlu zezinkukhu, izinsiza kanye nobubanzi bephrojekthi kungashintsha kanjani isamba esicashuniwe. Lesi sihloko sinesikhathi esincane: ukwenza umngcele wokuhlinzeka obhaliwe uqhathaniseke.
6. Sebenzisa Ithebula Lokucacisa Elibhaliwe
Ngaphambi kokukhetha umhlinzeki, thumela imibuzo efanayo engakaxazululwa kubo bonke ababhidi. Ithebula lokucacisa elisebenzayo lingasebenzisa lezi zikhathi:
Inkomba | Umbuzo | Impendulo yomhlinzeki | Kufakiwe, akufakiwe noma kusalindile | Umuntu onesibopho | Ubufakazi/idokhumenti | Usuku lokugcina |
Q01 | Yimiphi imishini nezinsiza ezifakiwe kulolu hlu? | Uhlu lwemishini olubuyekeziwe | ||||
Q02 | Kuphela kuphi umthwalo kagesi womhlinzeki? | Umdwebo womugqa owodwa noma inothi lomngcele | ||||
Q03 | Ubani ohlinzeka ngezikhala, izisekelo kanye nezisekelo zokusekela? | Umdwebo wokuxhumana kanye nohlu lwemithwalo yomthwalo | ||||
Q04 | Yikuphi ukusekelwa kokufakwa okunentengo? | Ububanzi besevisi nemigomo yezentengiselwano | ||||
Q05 | Yikuphi ukubuyekezwa okulawula ukukhiqizwa uma i-oda liqhubeka? | Irejista yomdwebo/idedatha esayiniwe |
Ungavaleli umbuzo ngesiqinisekiso somlomo uma kuthinta inani lemishini, umsebenzi wokwakha, izinsiza, ukufakwa, ukwamukelwa noma intengo. Bhala impendulo esiphakamisweni esibuyekeziwe, isivumelwano sobuchwepheshe, imatrix yomthwalo wemfanelo noma inkontileka.
Isiphakamiso Esifanayo Incazelo Yephrojekthi Elawulwayo
Ukuqhathanisa isiphakamiso esihle akugcini ngokunquma ukuthi yimuphi umhlinzeki oshibhile kakhulu. Kuqala ngokwenza isiphakamiso ngasinye sichaze iphrojekthi efanayo. Uma isisekelo sephrojekthi, uhlu lwemishini, izesekeli, umsebenzi wendawo, ukufakwa, ezokuthutha, isevisi kanye namadokhumenti obuchwepheshe kuhambisana, ithimba lokuthenga lingakwazi ukubona umehluko wangempela wezohwebo ngaphandle kokudida ububanzi obungekho nokonga.
Uma ulungiselela iphrojekthi yepulazi lezinkukhu zamaqanda okuhweba, sebenzisa ifomu lesiphakamiso semishini yepulazi lezinkukhu lika-Daofeng ifomu lesiphakamiso semishini yepulazi lezinkukhu ukuthumela izwe, umthamo ohlosiwe, ubukhulu bendlu yezinkukhu kanye nezingqinamba zephrojekthi zamanje. Noma isiphi isiphakamiso sisaqhubeka ngaphansi kokuqinisekiswa kobuchwepheshe nokuhweba okuqondene nephrojekthi.
Umlobi: Zhao Jinhong
Henan Daofeng Livestock Equipment Co., Ltd.
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