Kwadalwa ngo 09.14

Yiluphi Ulwazi Lukagesi Namanzi Okufanele Umthengi Wepulazi Lezinkukhu Aluthumele Ngaphambi Kwesilinganiso Sentengo?

Umthengi wepulazi lamalele kufanele athumele kumnikezeli wemishini idatha etholakalayo yokunikezwa kukagesi, ulwazi lokunqamuka kukagesi namandla okusekela, imininingwane yomthombo wamanzi, amarekhodi okuhlolwa kwamanzi, ulwazi lokugcina nengcindezi, kanye nemingcele phakathi kwezinsiza zesiza nemishini enikeziwe. Lokhu kufakwa akudingeki kube okokugcina ngosuku lokuqala. Izinto ezingaziwa kufanele zimakwe ngokuthi "kuzoqinisekiswa" esikhundleni sokushintshwa ngokuqagela.

Lolu lwazi lusiza umphakeli ukuthi alungiselele isiphakamiso semishini esizosiza kakhulu. Akuthathi indawo yokuklama kukagesi, ukuklama kohlelo lwamanzi, isiqondiso sezilwane noma ukugunyazwa ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe bendawo.

Ukuze uthole okokufaka kwephrojekthi ebanzi okufanele kuxhumaniswe ngaphambi kwesiphakamiso, sebenzisa okukaDaofeng umhlahlandlela wokuhlela ipulazi lezinkukhu zentengiso.

Impendulo Emfushane: Chaza Umthombo, Ukuthembeka kanye Nomngcele Wokuxhumana

Ngogesi, chaza ukuthi yimuphi amandla atholakalayo, ukuthi athembekile kangakanani nokuthi imishini yomphakeli izoxhuma kuphi.

Ngamanzi, chaza ukuthi avela kuphi, yini eyaziwayo ngekhwalithi yawo nokutholakala kwawo, nokuthi azogcinwa kanjani, aphathwe futhi alethwe kanjani ezindlini zezinkukhu.

Inhloso akukhona ukucela umthengi ukuthi aklame ipulazi yedwa. Inhloso ukuhlukanisa amaqiniso aqinisekisiwe, imibuzo evulekile kanye nemithwalo yomsebenzi yephrojekthi ngaphambi kokuba ukukhethwa kwemishini kugcinwe.

Ulwazi Lukagesi Okufanele Kulungiselelwe

1. Indawo Yephrojekthi kanye Nezidingo Zikagesi Ezisebenzayo

Qala ngezwe, isifundazwe noma isifunda, idolobha kanye nendawo eqondile yephrojekthi uma itholakala. Imithetho kagesi, izinqubo zokuhlinzeka, ukuchayeka kwesimo sezulu kanye nezimo zesevisi kuyahluka ngendawo.

Tshela umhlinzeki ukuthi yisiphi isiphathimandla sendawo, insiza, unjiniyela noma usonkontileka ozoqinisekisa umklamo wokugcina kagesi. Isiphakamiso semishini singakhomba imithwalo kanye nezixhumi, kodwa ochwepheshe bendawo kufanele baqinisekise uhlelo lokusabalalisa, ukuvikelwa, ukubeka phansi, izinhlinzeko zokuphepha komlilo kanye nokuhambisana nomthetho.

2. I-voltage Etholakalayo, Imvamisa kanye Nesigaba

Nikeza i-voltage, imvamisa kanye nesigaba okutholakalayo endaweni yephrojekthi. Uma ipulazi linezinga lokuhlinzeka elingaphezu kwelilodwa, chaza ukuthi yiliphi izinga elihlelwe imishini yezinkukhu nokuthi yiziphi izinto ezidinga ukuguqulwa noma ukusabalalisa kwendawo.

Ungacabangi ukuthi imoto, isilawuli noma ikhabethe lokulawula elilungiselelwe elinye izwe lingaxhunywa lingashintshiwe kwelinye izwe. Izicaciso zikagesi kufanele ziqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokukhiqiza futhi zirekhodwe kuhlelo lwemishini.

3. Isimo se-Transformer nokusabalalisa

Shono ukuthi isiza sesivele sinayo i-transformer nohlelo olukhulu lokusabalalisa, noma kuhlelwa, noma umthamo wazo awukaziwa.

Ubufakazi obusizayo buhlanganisa:

ibhili likagesi noma incwadi yokunikezwa kukagesi yenkampani yezinsiza;
ipuleti legama le-transformer kanye nerekhodi lobuchwepheshe elitholakalayo;
umdwebo womugqa owodwa, uma ukhona;
izindawo ezihleliwe zegumbi elikhulu likagesi nezindlu zezinkukhu;
umzila wekhebula ocishe ube khona phakathi kwendawo yokuhlinzeka nendlu ngayinye; kanye
imithwalo eyaziwayo evela ezakhiweni noma emishinini ezosetshenziswa ohlelweni olufanayo.

Umhlinzeki kufanele abone izidingo zokuxhumana ohlangothini lwemishini. Umdwebi kagesi oqeqeshiwe kufanele anqume uhlelo lokugcina lwesizinda sonke.

4. Ukuthembeka Kukagesi kanye Nomlando Wokuphazamiseka

Chaza ukuthi ukuphazamiseka kwenzeka kangaki, kuvame ukuthatha isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi ngabe ukungazinzi kwe-voltage kuye kwabonwa yini. Uma iphrojekthi intsha futhi kungekho rekhodi lesizinda, thola ulwazi kusisebenzi sasendaweni kanye nasezindaweni eziseduze zokusebenza esikhundleni sokuqagela.

Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba ipulazi lamachwane elizenzakalelayo lingancika emshinini wokungenisa umoya osebenza ngogesi, amaphampu amanzi, izinhlelo zokuphakela ukudla, ukuqoqwa kwamaqanda, ukususwa kwendle, izilawuli, ama-alamu kanye nemishini yokuxhumana. Uhlelo lomthwalo obalulekile kanye nokuphendula okuphuthumayo kufanele lwakhelwe ipulazi langempela.

5. Uhlelo Lokusekela Ngogesi

Tshela umhlinzeki ukuthi ingabe ijeneretha, enye indlela yokuhlinzeka noma elinye ilungiselelo lokusekela selivele likhona noma lihleliwe. Futhi khomba ukuthi ubani ozoklama, ahlinzeke, afake, ahlole, aphe uphethiloli futhi anakekele.

Imibuzo okufanele iqoshwe ihlanganisa:

Yimiphi imisebenzi yasepulazini ethathwa njengobalulekile?
Yimiphi imithwalo okufanele iqale kabusha ngokuzenzakalela futhi yimiphi engabuyiselwa ngesandla?
Ubani ohlinzeka ngemishini yokudlulisa kanye nesixhumi sokulawula?
Kwenzekani kuzilawuli kanye nama-alamu ngesikhathi sokudlulisa?
Ubani ohlola uhlelo ngaphambi kokuba izinyoni zingene endlini?

Umthamo wejeneretha, ukulandelana kokuqala kanye nengqondo yokudlulisa yizinqumo zobunjiniyela eziqondene nephrojekthi. Akufanele zikhethwe enombolweni yebhulogi evamile.

6. Imingcele Yemishini Nokulawula

Isiphakamiso kufanele siveze ukuthi umkhakha kagesi womhlinzeki uqala futhi uphela kuphi. Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlanganisa yini amamotho agxunyekwe emishinini, amabhokisi okulawula endawo, amaphaneli amaphakathi, izinzwa, ama-alamu, izintambo zikagesi zangaphakathi komshini noma izingxenye zokuxhumana.

Bese kubala izinto eziseceleni kwendawo ngokwehlukana, njengalokhu:

i-transformer kanye ne-main switchgear;
amaphaneli okusabalalisa asebenza epulazini lonke;
amakhebula kagesi nokuxhumana abamabanga amade;
ukuxhuma phansi kanye nokuvikelwa kombani noma ukukhuphuka kukagesi;
i-generator kanye nemishini yokudlulisa;
igumbi likagesi, imisele yamakhebula kanye nezisekelo;
uxhumano lwe-inthanethi noma lweselula; kanye
nokufakwa kwendawo, ukuhlolwa kanye nokunikezwa isitifiketi.

Ukwehlukaniswa okuqondile kuyahluka ngenkontileka. Kufanele kubhalwe phansi, hhayi ukucatshangwa ngegama elithi “automatic.”

Umehluko ofanayo ubalulekile lapho kuhlolwa izinto ezibangela izindleko zepulazi lezinkukhu ezizenzakalelayo, ngoba izinsiza zendawo kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwemishini kungase kube sezinhlangothini ezihlukene zomngcele wesiphakamiso.

Ulwazi Lwamanzi Okufanele Kulungiselelwe

7. Umthombo Wamanzi

Khomba yonke imithombo elindelekile: ukuhlinzekwa komphakathi, umthombo, amanzi angaphezulu, amanzi alethwayo, amanzi emvula agciniwe noma omunye umthombo ogunyaziwe. Uma kungase kusetshenziswe imithombo engaphezu kweyodwa, chaza umthombo ojwayelekile kanye nenye indlela yesimo esiphuthumayo.

Bhala ukuthi ngubani umnikazi womthombo, ukuthi usukhona yini kakade nokuthi yiziphi izimvume zendawo, izivivinyo noma izinqumo zokwelashwa ezisavuliwe. Umthombo okhona endaweni awuzimisele ngokuzenzakalela ukuthi ulungele izinhlelo zokuphuza zezinkukhu.

8. Ukutholakala Nokuthembeka Kwesizini

Chaza irekhodi lokuhlinzeka elitholakalayo, kufaka phakathi ukuphazamiseka kwesizini, imikhawulo yokumpompa noma izinguquko ezaziwayo kukhwalithi. Uma ukutholakala kwansuku zonke kungakalinganiswanga, kumake njengokungaziwa futhi uhlele ukuhlolwa kwesizinda okufanele.

Umhlinzeki udinga isigaba sokukhiqiza, umthamo ohleliwe, ukwabiwa kwendlu kanye nobubanzi bemishini ngaphambi kokuxoxa ngesidingo sohlelo. Izidingo zamanzi zokugcina kufanele zibalwe ngezinyoni zangempela, isimo sezulu, uhlelo lokuphatha, uhlelo lokupholisa, uhlelo lokuhlanza kanye nesigaba sokwanda.

9. Ulwazi Lokuhlolwa Kwamanzi

Nikeza umbiko wakamuva wokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri futhi usho:

indawo yesampula;
umthombo omelelwa isampula;
usuku lokuthatha isampula nokuhlolwa;
ilabhorethri noma inhlangano enesibopho yokuhlola; kanye
nokuthi umphumela ubonisa izimo zesizinda ezijwayelekile noma ezingajwayelekile.

Umhlinzeki wemishini angasebenzisa umbiko ukuxoxa ngezinto zokuhlunga, ukulawula, izindlela zokunikeza imithi kanye nokuhambisana kwezinto. Udokotela wezilwane wasepulazini, uchwepheshe wamanzi kanye nochwepheshe basekhaya abaqeqeshiwe kufanele banqume ukufaneleka, ukwelashwa kanye nezidingo zokuqapha.

Ungashicileli noma uncike emkhawulweni owodwa wamanzi wekhwalithi efanayo kuzo zonke izwe, uhlobo lwezinyoni, iminyaka kanye nohlelo lokukhiqiza.

10. Ulwazi Lokugcina, Ukupompa kanye Nengcindezi

Shono ukuthi iphrojekthi inokugcina komthombo, ukugcina kokwelashwa, amathangi aphakeme, amaphampu noma imishini yokulawula ingcindezi. Nikeza imidwebo, izithombe, ama-nameplate noma amarekhodi alinganisiwe uma etholakala.

Ingxoxo kufanele ilandelele umzila osuka emthonjeni uya emugqeni wokugcina wokuphuza:

1. umthombo nokungenisa;

2. ukugcina kwamanzi angahluziwe, uma kusetshenziswa;

3. ukwelashwa nokuhlunga;

4. ukupompa nokusabalalisa okuyinhloko;

5. ukungena endlini;

6. indawo yokuhlangana yemithi noma yokulinganisa;

7. ukulawula kanye nemigqa yokuphuza;

8. ukugudluza nokukhipha amanzi; kanye

9. ukunikezwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo.

Ukukhethwa kwengcindezi nemishini kuncike kulo mzila ogcwele. Inani elikalwa emthonjeni alisho ngempela isimo esitholakalayo endaweni ekude kakhulu yokuxhuma indlu yezinkukhu.

11. Ukupholisa, Ukuhlanza kanye Nabanye Abasebenzisi Bamanzi

Amanzi okuphuza akuwona kuphela isidingo samanzi esingaba khona. Khomba ukupholisa ngokuhwamuka, ukufafaza, ukuwasha, ukuhlanzeka, izinsiza zabasebenzi, ukulungiselela ukudla noma okunye ukusetshenziswa kwesayithi okungase kwabelane ngomthombo, ukwelashwa, ukugcinwa noma amaphampu.

Buza ukuthi ngabe laba basebenzisi basebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa yini nokuthi ubani obhekene nomklamo wabo. Lokhu kuvimbela ingxoxo yesistimu yokuphuza ukuthi ingasekelwa emanzini asevele enzelwe kwenye indawo.

12. Ukudonswa kwamanzi kanye Nokusabela Ekwehlulekeni

Qinisekisa ukuthi amanzi okugeza, ukuvuza, ukuhlanza kanye nokukhishwa kwesistimu yokupholisa azoya kuphi. Izidingo zokudonswa kwamanzi, amanzi angcolile, imvelo kanye nokuphepha kwezinto eziphilayo kufanele kuhlolwe ngaphansi kwemithetho yendawo.

Futhi chaza indlela yokusabela ku:

ukuphazamiseka komthombo;
ukwehluleka kwepompo;
ukuhlunga okuvinjiwe;
imiphumela yokuhlola engajwayelekile;
ukuvuza noma ukulimala kolayini;
ukulahlekelwa ugesi kumapompo noma kuzilawuli; kanye
nokwehluleka kwe-alamu noma ukuxhumana.

Isiphakamiso kufanele sikhombe ukuxhumana kwemishini. Ipulazi kufanele linikeze abantu, izinqubo kanye nomthwalo womsebenzi wochwepheshe wendawo wokusebenza okuphuthumayo.

Ithebula Lolwazi Lwensiza Lomthengi kuya Kumhlinzeki

Indawo yolwazi	Lokho umthengi angakuthumela	Okufanele kuhlale kuyinto eqondile yephrojekthi
Indawo yephrojekthi	Izwe, idolobha, ikheli lesayithi noma izixhumanisi	Umthetho osebenzayo, izidingo zikagesi nezokugunyazwa
Ukunikezwa kukagesi	I-voltage, i-frequency, isigaba kanye nemibhalo yenkampani yezinsiza	Idizayini yokugcina yokusabalalisa nokuvikela
I-transformer	I-nameplate, amarekhodi, imithwalo ehlanganyelwe kanye nendawo	Ukuhlolwa komthamo nesinqumo sokuthuthukisa
Ukwethembeka	Umlando wokuvalwa kukagesi kanye nokungazinzi okubonwayo	Isu lomthwalo obalulekile kanye nesimo esiphuthumayo
Amandla okusekela	Imishini ekhona kanye nohlelo lokuzibophezela	Umthamo, ukulandelana kanye nengqondo yokudlulisa
Umthombo wamanzi	Uhlobo lomthombo, ubunikazi kanye nerekhodi lokutholakala	Ukufaneleka kanye nezidingo zemvume
Ikhwalithi yamanzi	Umbiko waselabhorethri onosuku olubhaliwe onemininingwane yesampula	Izinhloso zokwelashwa nohlelo lokuqapha
Ukugcinwa nokumpompa	Ulwazi lwethangi, iphampu nomzila	Umthamo wokugcina, ukungafani kanye nezilawuli
Umngcele wokuxhumana	Imidwebo kanye nezindawo zokunikezela ezihlongozwayo	Okufakiwe kwenkontileka, okungafakiwe kanye nokusayinwa

Kuthiwani uma olunye ulwazi lungatholakali?

Ungakubambezeli ingxoxo yokuqala ngoba nje zonke izinkambu azigcwalisiwe. Thumela lokho okwaziwayo futhi usebenzise amalebula amathathu:

Kuqinisekisiwe: kusekelwa idokhumenti yamanje, umdwebo, isilinganiso noma umuntu onesibopho.
Okokuqala: kusiza ekuxhumaneni kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kodwa kusengaphansi kokuqinisekiswa.
Kuzoqinisekiswa: ulwazi olungekho olungase lushintshe isiphakamiso.

Lokhu kwenza ukungaqiniseki kubonakale. Kuphephile ukwedlula ukugcwalisa izikhala nge-voltage ecatshangelwayo, ingcindezi yamanzi, umthamo wejeneretha noma izidingo zokwelashwa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ngabe umhlinzeki angakwazi ukunikeza isilinganiso esisekelwe emthamo wezinyoni kuphela?

Kungase kube nje ingxoxo yesabelomali sokuqala kuphela. Isiphakamiso sokusebenza esiwusizo sidinga futhi ulwazi lwendlu, indawo, isimo sezulu, ububanzi bokusebenza okuzenzakalelayo, ugesi, amanzi kanye nemingcele yomthwalo wemfanelo.

Ngabe okuthi "kusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokuphelele" kufaka phakathi i-transformer, ijeneretha kanye nezintambo zendawo?

Akufaki ngokuzenzakalelayo. Imingcele yokuhlinzeka iyahluka ngokomhlinzeki, iphrojekthi kanye nenkontileka. Cela isilinganiso sokunikeza ukuthi sibale izingxenye zikagesi ezifakwe emishinini, ukusatshalaliswa kwendawo, amandla okusekela, ukufakwa kanye nesitifiketi sendawo ngokwehlukana.

Yiluphi ukuhlolwa kwamanzi okufanele kuthunyelwe umthengi?

Thumela umbiko waselabhorethri wakamuva okhona futhi ukhombe umthombo, indawo yesampula, usuku kanye nendikimba yokuhlola. Ububanzi bokuhlola obudingekayo kanye nokuchazwa kufanele kuqinisekiswe ochwepheshe bendawo abaqeqeshiwe kanye nodokotela wezilwane wasepulazini noma ochwepheshe bamanzi.

Ingabe inani elilodwa lomfutho wamanzi lingasetshenziswa kuyo yonke ipulazi lesendlalelo?

Cha. Umthombo, ukuphakama, umzila wamapayipi, ukuhlanza, amaphampu, ukugcina, ukulawula, ukuhlelwa kwendlu kanye nemishini yokuphuza konke kuthinta uhlelo. Amanani okugcina kufanele abe semibhalweni yedizayini yephrojekthi nemishini.

Ingabe amandla okusekela kufanele kuxoxwe ngawo ngaphambi koku-oda imishini?

Yebo. Ithimba lephrojekthi kufanele lihlonze imisebenzi ebalulekile, amalungiselelo okusekela atholakalayo, ukulandelana kokuqalisa kabusha, izixhumanisi zokulawula kanye nabantu abanesibopho ngaphambi kokuba umkhakha wokugcina wemishini kagesi uqinisekiswe.

Ubani onesibopho sedizayini kagesi namanzi?

Umhlinzeki wemishini kufanele asho izidingo zemishini kanye nezixhumi zokuxhumana. Isivumelwano kufanele sikhombe imithwalo yomthwalo, kuyilapho ochwepheshe bendawo abaqeqeshiwe beqinisekisa izinhlelo zendawo, ukuphepha, ukuhambisana nomthetho kanye nezimvume.

Yiluphi ulwazi oluncane oludingekayo engxoxweni yokuqala?

Thumela indawo yephrojekthi, isigaba sezinyoni kanye nomthamo, isimo sendlu, i-voltage/frequency/phase etholakalayo, ukuthembeka kukagesi kanye nohlelo lokusekela, umthombo wamanzi, ulwazi lwakamuva lokuhlola, ulwazi lokugcina/ingcindezi kanye nanoma yimiphi imidwebo noma izithombe esezivele zikhona.

Guqula Idatha Yensiza Kube Isiphakamiso Sephrojekthi Esicacile

I-Henan Daofeng Livestock Equipment Co., Ltd. ixhumanisa imishini yepulazi lamazinyane ezungeze indawo yephrojekthi, ukuhlelwa kwendlu yezinyoni, inhloso yokukhiqiza, izimo zensiza kanye nomngcele wokuhlinzeka okuvunyelwene ngawo. Isiphakamiso esinesibopho siqala ngokukhomba lokho okuqinisekisiwe nalokho okusadinga ukubuyekezwa kobunjiniyela.

Bona ukuthi lezi zixhumanisi zingena kanjani ezixazululweni zepulazi lezinkukhu eziphelele zika-Daofengzezixazululo zepulazi lezinkukhu eziphelele, bese ulungiselela ubufakazi besiza obukhona ukuze kuxoxwe ngomklamo othile.

Cela isiphakamiso semishini yepulazi lezinkukhu eliqondene nomklamo othile bese unamathisela ulwazi lukagesi namanzi olukhona namuhla. Phawula izinto ezingekho ngokuthi “kuzoqinisekiswa”; ingxoxo elandelayo ingagxila ezinqumweni ezithinta ububanzi bemishini nezixhumanisi.

Umbhali: Zhao Jinhong

Inkampani: Henan Daofeng Livestock Equipment Co., Ltd.

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