Kwadalwa ngo 11.04

Ngaphambi Kokwenza Umshini Epulazini Lezinkukhu: Hlola Ukunqamuka Kukagesi, Ukuhlinzekwa Kokusekela Nezimo Zokuqalisa Kabusha

Qala ngerekhodi lokuphazamiseka

Ipulazi elicabanga ukwenza umshini omningi kufanele liqale ngomlando walo wangempela wamandla. Bhala ukuthi nini amandla alahleka futhi abuyiselwa, yiziphi izindlu namasekhethi ezathinteka, ukuthi imbangela yayaziwa yini, nokuthi muphi umsebenzi wama. Faka nokuphazamiseka okufushane kanye nokude. Umlando kufanele uhlukanise ukuphazamiseka kukagesi kanye nenkinga engaphakathi kokusatshalaliswa kwamandla kwepulazi uqobo. Isithombe segumbi likagesi noma izibalo zikazwelonke zokuphazamiseka kukagesi azikwazi ukuthola izimo endlini ethile.

Red signal-light housings and horn-shaped devices mounted beneath a blue frame.

Izindlu zesibonisi esibomvu kanye namadivayisi amise okwephondo afakwe ngaphansi kohlaka oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Cabanga ngepulazi elingelona elengeza umzila wokuqoqwa kwamaqanda okuzenzakalelayo. Ukuhlinzekwa kwalo kukagesi kuyabuya ngemva kokuphazamiseka, kodwa umzila wokuqoqwa usamisiwe ngesikhathi abasebenzi behlola indawo yawo yokwamukela. “Amandla abuyisiwe” kanye “nomsebenzi ulungele ukuqhubeka” kuyimibono ehlukene. Lesi yisimo sokuhlela esiyisibonelo, hhayi isigameko sephrojekthi ye-DAOFENG.

Hlanganisa uhlelo ngalunye nokuncika kwalo kwangempela emandleni

Bhala uhlu lwezinto zokungenisa umoya, ukunikeza amanzi, ukuphakela, ukuqoqa amaqanda, ukususa ubulongwe kanye nemishini yokulawula ehlosiwe endlini ngayinye. Kumuntu ngamunye, khombisa umthombo wamandla, indawo yokusabalalisa, ikhabhinethi yokulawula, imishini ehambisana nayo engaphezulu noma engaphansi kanye nomphumela wokusebenza uma ingatholakali. Ezinye izinhlelo zamanzi zingancika kumaphampu anamandla; ezinye zingase zinganciki. Amagama emishini ewodwa awakwazi ukuphendula lo mbuzo.

A control cabinet and industrial sockets beside large ventilation fans.

Ikhabhinethi yokulawula kanye nezisekelo zemboni eceleni kwabalandeli abakhulu bokungenisa umoya.

Umsebenzi wepulazi angachaza okwenzeka ngempela ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka. Abahlinzeki bemishini kufanele banikeze ulwazi lwezogesi nokulawula lokho okukhethiwe. Uchwepheshe wendawo kagesi kufanele aqinisekise ukuhlelwa kokunikezwa, izintambo zendawo, imishini yokudlulisa kanye nezidingo zendawo ezisebenzayo. I-DAOFENG ingaxhumanisa okokufaka okuhlobene nemishini ngaphakathi kobubanzi bephrojekthi okuvunyelwene ngayo; ukuhlelwa kokugcina kufanele kube semidwebeni yephrojekthi kanye nemibhalo yokunikezela. Bona ethu ukuhlelwa kwepulazi lenkukhu ngendlela ephelele kanye nokuxhumanisa imishini ububanzi.

Chaza ukuthi amandla kagesi esipele amboza ini ngempela

“Ijenereyitha yesipele iyatholakala” akulona uhlu oluphelele lwemishini. Phawula imithwalo exhunywe kukagesi wesipele, leyo engafakiwe, kanye naleyo isimo sayo esingakaziwa. Qinisekisa ukuthi imithwalo ekhethiwe idluliswa kanjani, ukuthi ilungiselelo lesipele kuhloswe ukuthi lisebenze isikhathi esingakanani, kanye nokuthi yimaphi amarekhodi okunakekela nokuhlola akhona. Ungacabangi ukuthi yonke injini, isilawuli, iphampu noma idivayisi yokuxhumana iyamboziwe ngoba nje ijenereyitha isendaweni.

Conceptual illustration with three columns showing supply sources, selected loads, and alarm and response.

Umdwebo ocatshangelwayo okhombisa imithombo yokuhlinzeka, imithwalo ekhethiwe, kanye nemibuzo yezexwayo nokuphendula.

Umhlahlandlela wokwelulekwa kwezolimo uncoma ukulinganisa ukuhlinzeka okulindile mayelana nemithwalo ebalulekile kanye nokubandakanya abasebenzi bezogesi abaqeqeshiwe ekuxhumaneni. Kuwukwelulekwa okujwayelekile kwepulazi, hhayi incazelo yejeneretha yale projekthi. Umklami kagesi wendawo kufanele ahlole imithwalo yangempela, izimo zokuqala, izivikelo kanye nomklamo wokudlulisa ophephile. Akukho mthamo wendawo yonke ongathathwa kulesi sihloko.

Qhathanisa izindlela zokuhlinzeka ngokuyisipele ngaphambi kokukhetha imishini

Amandla okusekela ayisinqumo somklamo, hhayi into eyodwa kukhothisheni. Izinketho ezingezansi zisebenza imithwalo ehlukene nezikhathi zokuphazamiseka. Umqhubi wepulazi, abahlinzeki bemishini kanye nochwepheshe kagesi wendawo kufanele baqinisekise ukuhlelwa okukhethiwe ngokuvumelana nezimo zangempela zesiza kanye nemiyalelo yemishini.

Isethi yejeneretha

Igesi lokuphehla ugesi linganikeza amasekhethi akhethiwe lapho ugesi womphakathi ungatholakali, inqobo nje uma ukuhlinzekwa kwalo ngophethiloli, ilungiselelo lokuthuthuka, ukuxhumana kokudlulisa kanye nokwesekwa kokunakekela kufanelekile. Kungacatshangelwa lapho ukunqamuka kukagesi kuhlala isikhathi eside kunobude obusebenzayo besistimu yebhethri encane. Akunikezi ngokuzenzakalelayo wonke amasekhethi noma amandla anganqamuki ngesikhathi sokuqalisa nokudlulisa. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, qinisekisa uhlu lwangempela lwemithwalo kanye nezidingo zokuqalisa, isikhathi esihlosiwe sokusebenza, ukutholakala kukaphethiloli, ukufinyelela kwesevisi kanye nomklamo wokuxhumana ogunyaziwe.

Isihlinzeki samandla esingaphazamiseki (UPS)

I-UPS ingagcina amandla kuzilawuli ezihambisanayo ezikhethiwe noma kumadivayisi okuxhumana phakathi nokuphazamiseka kokuphakelwa kwamandla okufushane noma kuze kube yilapho omunye umthombo uthatha izintambo. Umthwalo wayo osekelwayo nesikhathi sokusebenza kuncike kumodeli ekhethiwe, isimo sebhethri kanye nemishini exhunyiwe. Ungacabangi ukuthi i-UPS ihlanganisa amamotho endlu noma ipulazi lonke. Buza ukuthi yimaphi amadivayisi athile adinga ukuqhubeka, isikhathi esingakanani, ukuthi okokufaka kwawo amandla kuyahambisana yini, nokuthi ukunakekelwa nokushintshwa kwebhethri kuzophathwa kanjani.

Isitoreji samandla ebhethri

Uhlelo lokugcina amandla ebhethri, kanye nokuguqulwa kwamandla okudingekayo kanye nezilawuli, lungase lusebenzele imithwalo ekhethiwe isikhathi esihleliwe. Ukusebenziseka kwalo kuncike kuphrofayela yangempela yomthwalo, ukushaja okutholakalayo, umthombo wokushaja, izimo zesiza kanye nemishini edingekayo ukuze kusetshenzwe ngokuphephile ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka kukagesi. Amandla agciniwe anomkhawulo, futhi ibhethri alikwazi ukuthathwa njengokufaka esikhundleni okungenamkhawulo kukaphethiloli noma ukunikezwa kukagesi. Qinisekisa amasekhethi avikelwe, isikhathi esifiswayo, indlela yokushaja elindelekile, imithwalo yemfanelo yokunakekela kanye nezidingo zikagesi zasendaweni.

I-Solar PV enesitoreji

I-Solar PV ingasiza ekushajeni ibhethri futhi isekele imithwalo ekhethiwe lapho uhlelo lwakhiwe ngokukhethekile ukuze lusebenze ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka kwegridi. I-PV ejwayelekile exhunywe kugridi akufanele kucatshangwe ukuthi iyasebenza ngesikhathi sokucima kukagesi. Ubusuku nokukhanya kwelanga okuguquguqukayo kusathinta amandla akhona. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, buza ukuthi uhlelo oluhlongozwayo lungasebenza ngokuzimela kugridi, iyiphi imithwalo ezosebenza, isitoreji sishajwa futhi siqashwe kanjani, futhi izikhathi ezinokukhanya kwelanga okuncane zizokhokhelwa kanjani.

Amalungiselelo ahlanganisiwe

Iphrojekthi ingase ihlanganise i-UPS yezilawuli ezikhethiwe, amabhethri okuhlinzeka kwesikhathi esifushane okuhleliwe kanye nojeneretha weziphazamiso ezinde; i-PV ingase ibe nomthelela lapho kufanele khona. Inhlanganisela idinga idizayini kagesi okuvunyelwene ngayo, umqondo wokudlulisa, ukuvikelwa, izilawuli kanye nohlelo lokuhlola. Ungacabangi ukuthi ukushintsha, ukulethwa kwe-alamu noma ukuqala kabusha kuzokwenzeka ngokuzenzakalela. Qinisekisa ukuthi iyiphi inhlangano ehlinzeka ngayinye ingxenye, ubani oqinisekisa izixhumanisi, ubani ohlola ilungiselelo nokuthi ithimba lepulazi kufanele lenzeni ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka.

Qhathanisa izinketho nerekhodi yasepulazini

Qala ngokuqhathanisa amarekhodi okunqamuka kukagesi anezinsuku: imvamisa, ubude besikhathi, isikhathi kanye namasekhethi athintekile. Bese ukhomba imishini ebalulekile nezilawuli, izidingo zazo zokusebenza nokuqalisa, kanye nesikhathi okufanele ngasinye sihlale sitholakala ngaso. Ekugcineni, hlola ukulethwa kukaphethiloli wendawo, amandla okulungisa, amathuba okushaja kanye nezimo zendawo. Lawa marekhodi asekela ukuqhathanisa okuqondene nephrojekthi; awakwenzi ngokwawo ukulinganisa kwejenereyitha, umthamo webhethri noma isikhathi sokusebenza esiqinisekisiwe. Uchwepheshe kagesi wendawo kanye nabahlinzeki bemishini abakhethiwe kufanele baqinisekise leyo mininingwane.

Hlola ama-alamu nokuphendula ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka kukagesi

Kuwo wonke umkhondo we-alamu noma wesaziso, buza ukuthi yini eyizwayo, inikwa amandla kanjani lapho ukunikezwa kukagesi okuyinhloko kuhluleka, ukuthi umkhondo wayo wokuxhumana uhlala utholakala yini, ubani othola isaziso nokuthi ubani onesibopho sokuphendula. Isilawuli singabonisa i-alamu kuyilapho idivayisi yayo yenethiwekhi noma yesaziso inokuncika okuhlukile kukagesi. Ubufakazi bokuhlolwa kokufakwa okukhethiwe bubaluleke kakhulu kunencazelo ejwayelekile yesici.

Control panels beside a conveyor in an equipment room.

Amaphaneli okulawula eceleni kwesithuthi ekamelweni lemishini.

Imibhalo yezincwadi zomkhiqizi ibonisa ukuthi kungani ukubuyekezwa okuqondene nomodeli kudingekile: enye incwadi yesilawuli sezinkukhu ichaza izimo zewashi nebhethri okungenzeka zidinge ukuhlolwa ngemva kokubuya kukagesi. Leso sitatimende sisekela umbuzo wokuqinisekisa; asisikhombisi ukuziphatha kwemishini enikezwe yi-DAOFENG noma zonke izilawuli.

Qinisekisa izimo ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzi uqhubeke

Ngemva kokubuya kukagesi, abantu abanomthwalo wemfanelo kufanele baqinisekise isimo semishini efanele, izilawuli kanye nemizila yokwamukela ngokuqhathanisa nezinhlanhu ezikhethiwe kanye nenqubo egunyaziwe yendawo. Indawo yokwamukela engaphansi engakatholakali ingathinta i-conveyor ephezulu ngisho noma zombili zinamandla. Bhala ukuthi ubani ohlola isimo, ubani ogunyaza ukuqalisa kabusha nokuthi isimo esingajwayelekile sikhulunywa kanjani. Ungafaki isihloko esijwayelekile esikhundleni semiyalelo yemishini, izivimbelo zokuphepha noma inqubo yokuqalisa kabusha eqondene nendawo ethile.

Letha irekhodi elilodwa elabiwe engxoxweni yezilinganiso

Ithebula elingezansi liyirekhodi lokuqala, hhayi umklamo wokugcina kagesi. Sebenzisa “Kuzoqinisekiswa” noma kuphi lapho umuntu, isekethe noma idokhumenti kungakasungulwa. Yibuyekeze njengoba uhlu lwemishini nezimo zendlu zishintsha. Uma umkhawulo wamanje kungenzeka ukuthi awuwona owogesi, qala ngokuhlonza ibhodlela langempela ngaphambi kokuthatha ukwengeza okuzenzakalelayo njengempendulo.

Ukuqala ingxoxo yephrojekthi, yabelana ngendawo yakho, ukuthi ipulazi lisha noma liyasebenza, imishini ocabanga ukuyisebenzisa kanye nanoma yiluphi ulwazi olukhona lokuphazamiseka kukagesi noma lwezogesi. Ungakwazi ukuxoxa ngephrojekthi yakho yepulazi lezinkukhu ngolwazi oselukhona kakade. Ububanzi obwengeziwe bokuklama, okuzothunyelwa kanye nentengo kufanele kuvunyelwane ngakho ngemva kokuba izimo ezifanele zibuyekezwe.

Into okufanele iqinisekiswe	Ulwazi oludingekayo	Iqembu eliqinisekisayo	Isimo samanje
Iphethini yokuphazamiseka kukagesi	Ilogi yezikhathi zokuvalwa nokubuyiselwa kukagesi; izindlu ezithintekile	Umsebenzi wasepulazini	Kuzoqinisekiswa
Imithwalo yemishini ekhethiwe	Uhlu lwemishini, izincwadi zokuqondisa kanye nokufakwayo kukagesi	Umhlinzeki wemishini / uchwepheshe kagesi wasendaweni	Kuzoqinisekiswa
Ukumboza kwesipele	Uhlelo lwamasekhethi, ukwakheka kokudluliswa kanye nerekhodi lokuhlola	Uchwepheshe kagesi wasendaweni / umsebenzi wasepulazini	Kuzoqinisekiswa
Isexwayo nesaziso	Idivayisi, amandla kanye nezindlela zokuxhumana; uhlu lwabaphendulayo	Umqhubi wepulazi / umhlinzeki okhethiwe	Kuzoqinisekiswa
Ukuqinisekisa ukuqala kabusha	Amamanyuwali akhethiwe kanye nenqubo yesayithi evunyiwe	Umsebenzi wepulazi / ithimba lobuchwepheshe	Kuzoqinisekiswa
Indlela yokugcina kanye nesikhathi	Ilogi yokuphazamiseka; uhlu lwemithwalo ebalulekile; isikhathi sokuhlinzeka esidingekayo; isiphakamiso sejeneretha, i-UPS noma isitoreji	Umshini wokulima / uchwepheshe kagesi wendawo / abahlinzeki abakhethiwe	Kuzoqinisekiswa
Uphethiloli, ukushaja nokunakekela	Ukuhlinzekwa kukaphethiloli wendawo, umthombo wokushaja, ukufinyelela kwensizakalo kanye nemithwalo yomsebenzi yokuhlola	Umshini wokulima / uchwepheshe kagesi wendawo	Kuzoqinisekiswa